Presale:
J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
March 27, 2023
Preliminary Ratings
Class
Preliminary
ratings(i) Class type
Initial interest
rate (%)
Preliminary amount
($)
Credit
enhancement
(%)(ii)
A-1 AAA (sf) Senior/pro rata/depositable 4.625(iii) 199,463,000 34.85
A-1-A AAA (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 3.625(iv) 199,463,000 34.85
A-1-A-X AAA (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 1.000(v) 199,463,000(vi) N/A
A-1-B AAA (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 2.625(vii) 199,463,000 34.85
A-1-B-X AAA (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 2.000(viii) 199,463,000(vi) N/A
A-1-C AAA (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 1.625(ix) 199,463,000 34.85
A-1-C-X AAA (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 3.000(x) 199,463,000(vi) N/A
A-2 AA- (sf) Senior/pro rata/depositable 4.625(iii) 27,707,000 25.80
A-2-A AA- (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 3.625(iv) 27,707,000 25.80
A-2-A-X AA- (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 1.000(v) 27,707,000(vi) N/A
A-2-B AA- (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 2.625(vii) 27,707,000 25.80
A-2-B-X AA- (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 2.000(viii) 27,707,000(vi) N/A
A-2-C AA- (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 1.625(ix) 27,707,000 25.80
A-2-C-X AA- (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 3.000(x) 27,707,000(vi) N/A
A-3 A- (sf) Senior/pro rata/depositable 4.625(iii) 35,974,000 14.05
A-3-A A- (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 3.625(iv) 35,974,000 14.05
A-3-A-X A- (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 1.000(v) 35,974,000(vi) N/A
A-3-B A- (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 2.625(vii) 35,974,000 14.05
A-3-B-X A- (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 2.000(viii) 35,974,000(vi) N/A
A-3-C A- (sf) Senior/pro rata/MACR 1.625(ix) 35,974,000 14.05
A-3-C-X A- (sf) Senior IO/pro rata/MACR 3.000(x) 35,974,000(vi) N/A
M-1 BBB- (sf) Mezzanine/sequential 4.883(xi) 15,920,000 8.85
B-1 BB- (sf) Subordinate/sequential 4.883(xi) 11,634,000 5.05
B-2 B- (sf) Subordinate/sequential 4.883(xi) 8,113,000 2.40
B-3 NR Subordinate/sequential 4.883(x)(xii) 7,348,779 0.00
Presale:
J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
March 27, 2023
PRIMARY CREDIT ANALYST
Julian He, CFA
New York
+ 1 (212) 438 8154
julian.he
@spglobal.com
SECONDARY CONTACT
Zhan Zhai
New York
(1) 212-438-1970
zhan.zhai
@spglobal.com
SURVEILLANCE CREDIT ANALYST
Truc T Bui
San Francisco
+ 1 (415) 371 5065
truc.bui
@spglobal.com
ANALYTICAL MANAGER
Vanessa Purwin
New York
+ 1 (212) 438 0455
vanessa.purwin
@spglobal.com
RESEARCH CONTRIBUTOR
Praveenkumar Sharma
CRISIL Global Analytical Center, an
S&P affiliate, Pune
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2965067
Preliminary Ratings (cont.)
Class
Preliminary
ratings(i) Class type
Initial interest
rate (%)
Preliminary amount
($)
Credit
enhancement
(%)(ii)
A-IO-S NR Excess servicing (xiii) Notional(xiv) N/A
XS NR Monthly excess cash flow (xv) Notional(xiv) N/A
A-R NR REMIC Residual N/A N/A N/A
Note: This presale report is based on information as of March 27, 2023. The ratings shown are preliminary. This report does not constitute a
recommendation to buy, hold, or sell securities. Subsequent information may result in the assignment of final ratings that differ from the
preliminary ratings. (i)The collateral and structural information in this report reflect the term sheet dated March 23, 2023. The preliminary
ratings address the ultimate payment of interest and principal and do not address payment of the cap carryover amounts. (ii)This credit
enhancement is solely from subordination, though excess spread also provides credit enhancement. (iii)The lesser of 4.625% and the net WAC
for that distribution date. (iv)The lesser of 3.625% and the product of the net WAC for that distribution date and a fraction (the numerator of
which is 3.625% and the denominator of which is 4.625%). (v)The lesser of 1.000% and the product of the net WAC for that distribution date
and a fraction (the numerator of which is 1.000% and the denominator of which is 4.625%). (vi)Notional balance. (vii)The lesser of 2.625% and
the product of the net WAC for that distribution date and a fraction (the numerator of which is 2.625% and the denominator of which is
4.625%). (viii)The lesser of 2.000% and the product of the net WAC for that distribution date and a fraction (the numerator of which is 2.000%
and the denominator of which is 4.625%). (ix)The lesser of 1.625% and the product of the net WAC for that distribution date and a fraction (the
numerator of which is 1.625% and the denominator of which is 4.625%). (x)The lesser of 3.000% and the product of the net WAC for that
distribution date and a fraction (the numerator of which is 3.000% and the denominator of which is 4.625%). (xi)The net WAC for that
distribution date. (xii)On each distribution date, amounts otherwise payable to the class B-3 certificates as interest, including interest
carryforward, can be used to pay cap carryover to the class A-1, A-2, and A-3 certificates; and those payments will decrease the amount of
interest paid to the class B-3 certificates on the related payment date and will not be reimbursed to class B-3 certificates on any payment
date. (xiii)Excess servicing strip. (xiv)The notional amount equals the loans' aggregate unpaid principal balance. (xv)This class will receive
certain excess amounts, including prepayment premiums and default interest. MACR--Modifiable and exchangeable certificate.
WAC--Weighted average coupon. IO--Interest only. NR--Not rated. N/A--Not applicable.
Profile
Expected closing date March 31, 2023.
Cutoff date March 1, 2023.
Payment date The 25th of each month, or the next business day, beginning in April 2023.
Stated maturity date The payment date in January 2063.
Certificate balance,
including unrated classes
$306.2 million in aggregate.
Collateral type First-lien, fixed- and adjustable-rate, fully amortizing, and interest-only residential mortgage
loans. The loans are secured by single-family residences, planned-unit developments, two- to
10-unit multifamily homes, condominiums, and townhomes to both prime and nonprime
borrowers. The pool consists of 1,247 business-purpose investor loans that are exempt from the
qualified mortgage and ability-to-repay rules.
Credit enhancement Each class of preliminary rated certificates has subordination in the form of certificates that are
lower in payment priority, as well as excess spread that preserves subordination.
Participants
Issuer J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1.
Sponsor and seller J.P. Morgan Mortgage Acquisition Corp.
Depositor J.P. Morgan Acceptance Corp. II.
Securities administrator, Delaware trustee, and resident trustee Citibank N.A.
Representation and warranty reviewer Pentalpha Surveillance LLC.
Master servicer Nationstar Mortgage LLC.
Custodian Computershare Trust Co. N.A.
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
Participants (cont.)
Servicer Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing LLC.
Loan data agent DV01 Inc.
Originators/sellers B4 Residential Mortgage Trust and others.
Originators/Sellers
By balance (%) Due diligence (%) Originator ranking
B4 Residential Mortgage Trust 62.63 100.00 N/A
Others 37.37 100.00 N/A
N/A--Not applicable.
Servicer
By balance (%)(i) S&P Global Ratings' select servicer Operation
Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing LLC 100.00 Yes Primary servicer
Nationstar Mortgage LLC 100.00 Yes Master servicer
(i)Once the servicer transfers of 62.63% of the mortgage loans from Fay Servicing LLC is completed on May 1, 2023.
Rationale
The preliminary ratings assigned to J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1's (JPMMT
2023-DSC1) mortgage-backed certificates 2023-DSC1 reflect our view of:
- The pool's collateral composition (see the Collateral Summary section below);
- The transaction's credit enhancement, associated structural mechanics, geographic
concentration, the mortgage aggregators and mortgage originators, and representation and
warranty (R&W) framework; and
- The potential impact current and near-term macroeconomic conditions may have on the
performance of the mortgage borrowers in the pool. With the Russia-Ukraine conflict ongoing,
tensions over Taiwan escalating, and the China slowdown exacerbating supply-chain and
pricing pressures, the U.S. economy appears to be teetering toward recession. As a result, we
continue to maintain the revised outlook per the April 2020 update to the guidance to our RMBS
criteria, which increased the archetypal 'B' projected foreclosure frequency to 3.25% from
2.50% (see "Guidance: Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And
Later," published April 17, 2020).
Environmental, Social, And Governance (ESG) Factors
Our rating analysis considers a transaction's potential exposure to ESG credit factors. For RMBS,
we view the exposure to environmental credit factors as average, to social credit factors as above
average, and to governance credit factors as below average (see "ESG Industry Report Card:
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities," published March 31, 2021). In our view, the
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
transaction's exposure to social, environmental and governance credit factors are in line with the
sector benchmark.
For RMBS, we generally consider social credit factors as above average because housing is viewed
as one of the most basic human needs, and conduct risk presents a direct social exposure for
lenders and servicers because regulators are increasingly focused on ensuring fair treatment of
borrowers. Social risk is generally factored into our base-case assumptions for RMBS
transactions, based on our consideration of the origination or aggregation platforms, the R&W
framework, and the third-party due diligence that informs our view of credit underwriting and
compliance with applicable consumer protections.
With respect to environmental factors, the transaction has exposures in line with the
environmental credit factors in our sector benchmark. It also has a geographically well-diversified
portfolio, which reduces exposure to extreme weather events, in our view.
The transaction's governance risk exposure is also in line with our benchmark. The R&W
framework is generally more consistent with prime transactions rather than non-QM/DSCR
transactions. It includes automatic review triggers upon delinquency and modification, and the
R&Ws are from multiple lenders, which limit exposure to the financial condition of any one
provider. In our view, certain other features also provide mitigants to the transaction's governance
risk exposures, including that the loans in the pool were all subject to a third-party due diligence
review (see the Third-Party Due Diligence section below for more detail).
Overview
JPMMT 2023-DSC1 is J.P. Morgan Mortgage Loan Trust's second rated investor-only,
business-purpose RMBS transaction.
Noteworthy Features
100% business-purpose investor loans
The collateral in this transaction is exclusively business-purpose investor loans. We applied our
criteria and made appropriate adjustments to the loss coverages. The entire pool uses
business-purpose underwriting programs to underwrite the loans. The loans are exempt from
ability-to-repay (ATR) rules and were all underwritten using debt service coverage ratios (DSCRs),
based on actual or estimated rents from the property, which were used in our analysis.
Class B-3 certificates interest used to cover potential class A-1, A-2, and A-3
certificates cap carryover amounts
The transaction documents dictate that, on each payment date, the interest (including interest
carryforward amounts) otherwise payable to the unrated class B-3 certificates, will instead be
reallocated to first pay cap carryover amounts due on the class A-1, A-2, and A-3 certificates,
sequentially. The B-3 interest amounts thus diverted will not be paid back to the class B-3
certificates. Although this feature increases the chances of paying cap carryover amounts to the
class A-1, A-2, and A-3 certificates at the cost of reducing the interest payments to the class B-3
certificates this did not have an impact on our analysis because the class B-3 certificates are
unrated, and the assigned preliminary ratings on the rated certificates address the ultimate
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
payment of interest (including interest carryforward amounts) and principal, and do not address
the payment of any cap carryover amounts.
Servicing transfer post-close
Before the May 1, 2023, expected servicer transfer date, Fay Servicing will act as interim servicer
for 62.63% of the pool balance, and Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing LLC will service the remaining
37.37% of the mortgage loans. Once the servicer transfer from Fay Servicing to Shellpoint
Mortgage Servicing is completed on or about May 1, 2023, Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing will
service all mortgage loans in the pool.
Excess spread compression
The fixed-rate bond coupons are relatively high compared to the net WAC of the pool, resulting in
relatively low excess spread in this transaction. To offset this reduction in soft credit
enhancement, the transaction has relatively higher levels of hard subordination credit
enhancement. In addition, this compressed excess spread may also increase the risk of
cap-carryover amounts being incurred and ultimately not paid to the applicable classes,
compared to transactions that have more spread. However, this is partly offset by the use of
amounts otherwise payable as interest to the unrated class B-3 to cover cap carryover amounts
for the senior classes. This did not affect the assigned preliminary ratings because our ratings do
not address the payment of cap-carryover amounts.
Low aggregate servicing fees
The aggregate servicing fee rate provided in the transaction documents is 25 basis points (bps).
We believe these aggregate servicing fees are relatively low for investor loans and, in our view,
might not be adequate to attract quality servicers should the servicing function need to be
transferred. In situations where the successive servicer charges a fee higher than 25 bps, it will
reduce the funds available to distribute to the certificates (i.e., reduce the excess spread that acts
as soft credit enhancement). As such, we ran our cash flow stresses by modeling an aggregate
servicing fee of 50 bps and concluded that this covered the likely potential reductions to the
certificateholders at our preliminary rating levels.
Successor servicer fee cap
There is generally an aggregate servicing fee cap of 0.25% for any successor servicer, according to
the transaction documents. However, in the case of a servicer event of default, the master servicer
may permit the transfer to a successor servicer at a rate over 0.25% irrespective of the cap. We
believe this provision provides adequate servicing transfer in a stressed environment.
Limited exposure to Hurricane Ian
The portfolio includes certain loans with properties that are located in Florida counties covered by
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) disaster declarations for Hurricane Ian. The
issuer ordered post storm inspections for all properties in the affected counties and indicated that
any loan with material damages to the property will be removed from the mortgage pool.
Notwithstanding the inspections and according to the damage representation language, the loan
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
would be repurchased if a realized loss triggers a R&W review, and it is determined that the
hurricane caused any material damage to the property and the damage occurred before the
closing date. Given that the issuer will remove any mortgage loan with material damages from the
mortgage pool and there is a no-damage R&W, we believe the pool's exposure to Hurricane Ian is
not a material risk and, as such, did not make any additional adjustments to our analysis.
R&W framework
The transaction's R&W framework is generally more consistent with those of prime transactions
rather than non-QM/DSCR transactions. It includes automatic review triggers upon delinquency
and modification, and the R&Ws are provided by multiple lenders, which limit exposure to any one
provider's financial condition.
Collateral Summary
The mortgage loans in JPMMT 2023-DSC1 were originated under programs for mortgagors that
intend to use the related mortgage property for rental purposes (business-purpose loans). The
originators of the mortgages in the pool primarily use FICO scores, loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, and
DSCRs to underwrite the loans. The loans (as described below) are underwritten to actual or
estimated rental incomes. None of the loans use the mortgagors' incomes for underwriting.
As of the cutoff date, the $306.2 million mortgage pool consists of 1,247 newly originated,
first-lien fixed- (98.64%) and adjustable-rate (1.36%), fully amortizing residential mortgage loans.
The loans are primarily backed by single-family residences (64.49%, including planned-unit
development and townhouses), two- to four-unit multifamily homes (31.20%), condominiums
(3.97%), and five- to 10-unit multifamily homes (0.34%). The weighted average seasoning for the
pool is approximately 11 months.
The weighted average used FICO score for the collateral pool is 745, which includes certain S&P
Global Ratings assumptions (see table 1 for a breakdown of the pool by the borrowers' FICO
scores). The pool includes 16 loans to foreign borrowers (1.42% by pool balance), of which three
loans do not have a FICO score. We assumed a FICO score of 715--the pool's approximate average
original FICO score minus one standard deviation--for these loans. We applied a 1.5x multiple to
the foreclosure frequencies to all foreign borrower loans.
Table 1
Used Credit Score Statistics
FICO score Current balance (%) No. of loans
>=750 53.05 641
725-749 19.04 237
700-724 14.29 196
675-699 6.92 83
650-674 4.37 56
625-649 2.03 30
600-624 0.29 4
575-599 -- --
550-574 -- --
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
Table 1
Used Credit Score
Statistics (cont.)
FICO score Current balance (%) No. of loans
<550 -- --
Total 100.00 1,247
The collateral pool is weaker than the S&P Global Ratings' archetypal prime pool from a credit
perspective, but it is generally in line with our expectations for a 100% DSCR investment property
residential mortgage pool (see table 2).
The pool's 'AAA' loss coverage requirement was determined to be 28.40%. In our analysis, we
consider the following mortgage loan characteristics to be weaker:
- The loans are business-purpose investor loans that are underwritten to DSCRs, based on the
rental income on the property;
- Property types (two- to four-family homes);
- Loan purpose (cash-out refinances); and
- Loan type (adjustable-rate mortgages [ARMs], and interest-only features).
Table 2
Collateral Characteristics(i)
JPMMT
2023-DSC1
JPMMT
2022-DSC1
BARC
2022-INV1
VERUS
2023-INV1
MFA
2023-INV1
Visio
2023-1
JPMMT
2021-INV6
S&P
Global
Ratings'
archetypal
prime
pool(ii)
Closing pool balance (mil.
$)
306 308 329 500 204 184 646 N/A
Closing loan count (no.) 1,247 980 1,049 1,244 788 655 1,750 N/A
Avg. loan balance ($) 245,517 314,504 314,038 401,896 258,698 280,350 368,868 N/A
WA original CLTV (%)(iii) 69.6 69.6 70.5 69.0 68.5 71.7 66.8 75.0
WA current CLTV (%)(iii) 68.6 68.4 70.3 68.8 68.2 71.7 66.4 75.0
WA FICO(iv) 745 740 736 722 730 739 764 725
WA current rate (%) 5.2 5.3 4.9 8.1 7.0 8.2 3.5 N/A
WA seasoning (mos.) 11.3 11.8 4.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 0.0-6.0
WA debt-to-income (%) N/A N/A 28 N/A N/A N/A 35 36
WA DSCR (non-zero) 1.37 1.41 1.32 1.07 1.43 1.24 N/A N/A
Investor (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 N/A
Single-family (including
planned-unit
development) (%)
64.5 62.1 63.8 66.9 63.6 66.8 72.0 100.0
Two- to four-family
homes (%)
31.2 33.8 28.7 19.1 26.6 24.0 16.9 N/A
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
Table 2
Collateral Characteristics(i) (cont.)
JPMMT
2023-DSC1
JPMMT
2022-DSC1
BARC
2022-INV1
VERUS
2023-INV1
MFA
2023-INV1
Visio
2023-1
JPMMT
2021-INV6
S&P
Global
Ratings'
archetypal
prime
pool(ii)
Fixed-rate (%) 98.6 94.2 97.8 73.9 75.2 77.6 100.0 100.0
Loans with interest-only
feature (%)
13.7 19.9 15.3 35.1 15.1 9.3 N/A N/A
Cash-out refinancing
(%)(v)
52.7 50.7 43.6 39.0 69.5 44.6 27.4 N/A
Loans to foreign
borrowers (foreign
national and
non-permanent resident
aliens) (%)
1.4 2.9 5.8 4.6 5.9 0.0 1.9 N/A
Loans with two or more
borrowers
28.8 18.6 14.4 14.1 33.9 0.0 46.8 N/A
Current (%) 100 100 100 98 100 100 100 100
Length of P&I advancing
(mos.)(vi)
4 4 3 3 N/A N/A Full Full
Pool-level adjustments (multiplicative factors)
Geographic
concentration
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Mortgage operational
assessment
1.03 1.02 1.05 1.00 1.05 1.00 0.95 1.00
Representations and
warranties
1.00 1.00 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.05 1.00 1.00
Other (i.e., loan
modification/PCE/due
diligence)(vii)
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Combined pool-level
adjustments
1.03 1.02 1.16 1.10 1.16 1.05 0.95 1.00
Loss estimates (viii)
'AAA' loss coverage
(%)
28.40 28.75 37.65 44.25 41.55 35.75 8.40 7.50
'AAA' foreclosure
frequency (%)
51.77 55.38 67.24 74.47 63.99 62.58 15.79 15.00
'AAA' loss severity (%) 54.86 51.91 55.99 59.42 64.93 57.13 53.20 50.00
'BBB' loss coverage
(%)
8.20 8.05 12.20 15.30 14.85 11.05 2.40 1.92
'BBB' foreclosure
frequency (%)
28.95 31.41 38.78 44.72 37.32 35.88 7.61 6.41
'BBB' loss severity (%) 28.32 25.63 31.46 34.21 39.79 30.80 31.54 30.00
'B' loss coverage (%) 2.15 2.15 3.65 5.35 5.60 3.10 0.75 0.65
'B' foreclosure
frequency (%)
12.04 13.59 17.43 22.41 17.34 15.83 3.42 3.25
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2965067
Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
Table 2
Collateral Characteristics(i) (cont.)
JPMMT
2023-DSC1
JPMMT
2022-DSC1
BARC
2022-INV1
VERUS
2023-INV1
MFA
2023-INV1
Visio
2023-1
JPMMT
2021-INV6
S&P
Global
Ratings'
archetypal
prime
pool(ii)
'B' loss severity (%) 17.86 15.82 20.94 23.87 32.30 19.58 21.93 20.00
(i)Data as of the preliminary ratings and may not reflect pool characteristics at time of closing. (ii)As defined in our "Methodology And Assumptions
For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later," criteria published Feb. 22, 2018. (iii)The original and current CLTV are calculated at the individual
property level. (iv)The WA FICO score reflects the most recent scores, where obtained, and assumes the lower of primary and coborrower FICO
scores. For borrowers who are missing FICO scores, we assumed a score that is one standard deviation below the pool mean. (v)Does not include
limited cash-out refinancing loans. (vi)Months of P&I advancing on a delinquent mortgage loan to the extent the advances are deemed recoverable.
(vii)For our PCE analysis, we focus primarily on prior bankruptcy that occurred within 24 months and foreclosure, short sale, and deed-in-lieu events
within 36 months. (viii)The guidance document, "Guidance: Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later," published
April 17, 2020, reflects a revision to our 'B' (base-case) projected foreclosure frequency assumption for an archetypal loan to 3.25% from 2.50%.
WA--Weighted average. LTV--Loan-to-value ratio. CLTV--Combined LTV ratio. N/A--Not applicable.
Transaction Structure
The chart shows an overview of the transaction's structure.
The transaction is structured as a two-step transfer of the assets from the seller, J.P. Morgan
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Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1
Mortgage Acquisition Corp. (JPMMAC), to the depositor, J.P. Morgan Acceptance Corp. II, which
then transfers the assets to the issuing trust, J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1. The issuing
trust will transfer the certificates to the depositor, and the depositor will sell the offered
certificates to the initial purchaser, which will then sell them to third-party investors. The
depositor will sell the certificates required to be held to satisfy the risk retention rules to the
sponsor or a majority-owned affiliate, or it will retain those certificates for its own account.
In rating this transaction, S&P Global Ratings will review the legal matters it believes are relevant
to its analysis, as outlined in its criteria.
Strengths And Weaknesses
We believe the following characteristics strengthen the JPMMT 2023-DSC1 transaction:
- The mortgage pool generally consists of loans to borrowers with significant home equity and a
better-than-archetypal FICO score, as demonstrated by the pool's weighted average FICO score
of 745 and original combined LTV (CLTV) ratio of 69.58%.
- The third-party due diligence providers (SitusAMC LLC and Opus Capital Markets Consultants
LLC), which are on our list of reviewed providers, performed due diligence on 100% of the loans
in the pool. Their review encompassed credit (underwriting) and property valuation.
- The senior class A-1, A-2, and A-3 certificates benefit from a credit support floor where no
principal is paid to the subordinate classes until the class A certificates are retired.
We believe the following factors weaken the transaction:
- The loans are all property-focused investor loans that were underwritten to an investment
property program that did not consider borrower income or employment in the underwriting
process. Generally, the lesser of market rent or lease income was used to calculate a DSCR. The
pool's weighted average DSCR is 1.37. Our loss model applies an adjustment to the foreclosure
frequencies ranging from 3.15x to 5.33x for the DSCR loans.
- The loan purpose for 660 loans (52.73% by pool balance) is a cash-out refinance, with an
average cash-out amount of $126,874 (119 loans have cash-out amounts greater than
$200,000). We applied a 1.25x adjustment factor to our loss estimates for these loans.
- Interest-only terms comprise 13.65% of the pool (0.66% of the pool are interest-only ARM
loans). We applied an adjustment to foreclosure frequencies to these loans to account for these
risks.
- The transaction includes 173 loans (13.61% by pool balance) that were made to borrowers with
FICO scores below 700. The mortgage pool's loss estimate was increased to account for these
loans' higher default risk.
Credit Analysis And Assumptions
Our analysis of the JPMMT 2023-DSC1 collateral pool considers several factors, including certain
loan-level characteristics. The details of our analysis are described below.
Investor property concentration
We considered whether there were any additional risks related to foreclosure and liquidation
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timelines for investor properties compared to owner-occupied properties because the pool is
backed by 100% business-purpose investor properties. We considered the variance in foreclosure
and liquidation timelines and determined that the delta of timelines between investor and
non-investor properties did not pose an additional risk to the pool.
In particular, the foreclosure and liquidation timelines we used in our analysis are based on
historical data that include investor properties, and our servicer evaluation group has indicated
that there are no material differences in the timelines between investor and non-investor
properties.
Property cash flow underwriting and S&P Global Ratings' documentation type
We also considered the underwriting methods employed for the loans, given that the qualifying
metrics do not use traditional borrower characteristics, such as personal income and liabilities,
but instead rely on the property's propensity to generate cash flow from tenants. The loans are
underwritten using a ratio of rents compared to mortgage payment liability (including taxes,
insurance, and association dues), which is commonly referred to as the DSCR.
We consider the strength of the DSCR and apply DSCR adjustment factors to the foreclosure
frequency with higher factors applied to lower DSCRs and lower factors to higher DSCRs (see table
3). These DSCR adjustment factors could range from 3.15x to 6.00x. Given the limited performance
history of DSCR loans through an economic cycle, the low end of the adjustment factors' range
(3.15x) was calibrated so that a loan with a high DSCR (e.g., greater than or equal to 1.27) is
treated similarly to a weak, traditionally underwritten investor property (i.e., underwritten to the
borrower's income) that has less than 12 months of income verification and poor debt-to-income
attributes. For this transaction, we applied a DSCR adjustment factor ranging from 3.15x to 6.00x
on the loans.
The weighted average DSCR adjustment factor for this pool is 3.36x, which we believe adequately
addresses the additional risk of DSCR loans that rely on the property cash flow more than
personal income and liabilities.
Table 3
Average 'AAA' And 'B' Foreclosure Frequencies For DSCR Loans
Loan count
(no.) % of balance WA DSCR
WA foreclosure frequency
(%) ('AAA')
WA foreclosure frequency
(%) ('B')
DSCR < 1 17 1.93 0.91 56.72 17.20
1 <= DSCR <
1.27
476 43.97 1.12 49.90 11.43
DSCR >= 1.27 754 54.10 1.58 51.66 12.02
DSCR--Debt service coverage ratio. WA--Weighted average.
Of the 1,247 loans in the pool, 769 loans already had a lease in place at origination. Table 4 shows
the distribution of properties with either leases in place or lease estimates.
Table 4
Distribution Of Properties With Leases In Place At Origination Or Lease Estimates
Loan count (no.) % of the pool balance
Lease in place 769 58.33
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Table 4
Distribution Of Properties With Leases In Place At Origination Or Lease
Estimates (cont.)
Loan count (no.) % of the pool balance
No lease in place--estimated rents(i) 475 41.34
Mixed/partial 3 0.33
Total 1,247 100.0
(i)The lease estimates are derived from comparable rent schedule Form 1007 for single-family residences or Form 1025 for multi-unit
properties.
The issuer has confirmed that 932 of the loans in the pool that are to business entities have
personal guarantees with full recourse to the borrower, who is a natural person.
Qualified mortgage (QM) and ATR standards
The loans are exempt from the QM and ATR rules because they are related to business-purpose
investment properties.
Servicer advancing obligations
Before the May 1, 2023, expected servicer transfer date, Fay Servicing, as interim servicer for
62.63% of the pool balance, and Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing (for 37.37%) will service mortgage
loans; and they must advance delinquent principal and interest (P&I) on any delinquent mortgage
loan until the loan is either greater than 120 days delinquent or until the P&I advance is deemed
nonrecoverable. Once the servicer transfer is completed on or about May 1, 2023, Shellpoint
Mortgage Servicing will service all mortgage loans in the pool. If the servicer fails to advance P&I,
the master servicer, Nationstar Mortgage LLC, is obligated to make those advances. If Nationstar
Mortgage LLC fails to make those advances, Citibank N.A., as the paying agent and backup
advancer, is responsible for making those advances.
Unlike P&I advances, the servicer must make advances of delinquent taxes and insurance (and
other property preservation advances) on any delinquent mortgage loan until the related property
is liquidated or the servicer deems the advance to be nonrecoverable. We incorporated the limited
P&I advancing into our loss severities.
The servicer is also expected to advance on loans if they are temporarily in COVID-19-related
forbearance. None of the mortgage loans in the pool have entered COVID-19-related forbearance
plans as of the cutoff date.
Borrowers or guarantors with multiple loans or properties in the pool
The pool consists of 143 primary borrowers (for loans made to individuals) or primary guarantors
(for loans made to entities), with multiple loans in the pool (see table 5). In aggregate, these
borrowers have 475 properties in the pool (34.67% by pool balance). The largest exposure by
balance to a single borrower in the pool is 3.34% (23 loans). Because each loan is backed by a cash
flow-generating property, we do not believe there is a significant default correlation among
multiple loans made to the same borrower or entities with the same primary guarantor.
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Table 5
Breakdown Of Borrowers And Guarantors
Property count per
borrower/guarantor
Borrower/guarantor
count
Loan balance
($)
Loan
balance
(%)
Highest
combined loan
balance to
unique borrower
($)
WA
FICO
score
WA
current
CLTV
WA
DSCR
23 1 10,223,026 3.34 10,223,026 760 78.44 1.50
17 2 5,226,203 1.71 2,620,448 743 69.29 1.59
12 2 8,409,501 2.75 7,275,959 750 71.36 1.51
9 1 1,466,858 0.48 1,466,858 760 76.84 1.50
8 1 1,107,169 0.36 1,107,169 745 74.21 1.54
7 3 4,618,000 1.51 1,767,244 783 62.80 1.24
6 10 13,878,576 4.53 5,336,500 742 67.78 1.39
5 2 1,849,331 0.60 966,741 721 73.26 1.27
4 6 3,377,181 1.10 715,993 738 72.59 1.50
3 32 21,740,668 7.10 2,512,089 751 67.96 1.37
2 83 34,260,382 11.19 1,820,000 743 70.12 1.38
1 772 200,002,885 65.33 2,229,019 743 67.73 1.35
Total 915 306,159,779 100.00 N/A 745 68.72 1.31
WA--Weighted average. CLTV--Combined loan-to-value. DSCR--Debt service coverage ratio.
Structural Features
JPMMT 2023-DSC1 has a mix of sequential and pro rata payment structures. Principal is paid pro
rata among the senior classes (subject to passing cumulative loss and delinquency trigger tests)
and then sequentially to the subordinate classes. If the cumulative loss trigger or the delinquency
trigger fails, principal will be used to pay interest, interest carryforward amounts, and then
principal sequentially to each class in priority order (other than for classes A-1 and A-2, for which
interest and interest carryforward amounts are paid sequentially to classes A-1 and A-2 followed
by principal sequentially in IIPP priority order).
This transaction also uses monthly excess cash flow to cover current period realized losses and
reimburse any applied realized loss amounts sequentially to classes A-1, A-2, A-3, M-1, B-1, B-2,
and B-3.
The paying agent will make monthly interest payments from the interest remittances and principal
from the principal remittances (see tables 6-8). The interest remittance amount includes:
- The interest collected from borrowers (including interest payments that accompany
prepayments, interest portions of advances, liquidation proceeds [net of expenses], insurance
proceeds, subsequent recoveries, compensating interest, redemption prices, termination
prices, and repurchase amounts); minus
- The total servicing fees, securities administrator fees, master servicing fees, trustee fees,
custodian fee, loan data agent fee, servicer advance reimbursements permitted under the
servicing agreements; the interest portion of collections received on any loan or REO property
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payable to an originator or aggregator; the amounts deposited to the master servicer collection
account or distribution account in error; and the extraordinary expenses, which are generally
subject to a $550,000 annual cap.
Although the extraordinary expenses are passed through as reduced contractual interest due to
the certificateholders, we ran these expenses at their capped amounts to stress the excess
spread (as described in the Interest Stresses section below). We also considered the extraordinary
expenses when analyzing projected interest reduction amounts (as described in the Imputed
Promises Analysis section below).
Principal remittance amounts include:
- The principal collected from borrowers (such as prepayments, principal portions of advances,
liquidation proceeds (net of expenses), insurance proceeds, subsequent recoveries, redemption
prices, termination prices, and repurchase amounts); minus
- The reimbursable advances and fees (such as extraordinary expenses that could not be paid
from interest collections), as well as collections received on any loan or REO property payable to
an originator or aggregator, and amounts deposited to the master servicer collection account or
distribution account in error.
Table 6
Interest Payment Waterfall
Priority Payment(i)
1 Interest and interest carryforward amounts(ii) sequentially to the class A-1, A-2, A-3, M-1, B-1, and B-2
certificates, in that order.
2a(iii) Up to any class B-3 interest carryforward amount on that distribution date, to the extent any cap carryover
amount remains unpaid for classes A-1, A-2, and A-3 on that distribution date. First to the class A cap
carryover reserve account, up to the aggregate cap carryover amount remaining unpaid for classes A-1, A-2,
and A-3 on that distribution date; and then from amounts on deposit in the class A cap carryover reserve
account, any cap carryover amount remaining unpaid on that distribution date sequentially to classes A-1, A-2,
and A-3.
2b(iii) Up to any class B-3 interest distribution amount on that distribution date, to the extent any cap carryover
amount remains unpaid for classes A-1, A-2, and A-3 on that distribution date. First to the class A cap
carryover reserve account, up to the aggregate cap carryover amount remaining unpaid for classes A-1, A-2,
and A-3 on that distribution date; and then from amounts on deposit in the class A cap carryover reserve
account, any cap carryover amount remaining unpaid on that distribution date sequentially to classes A-1, A-2,
and A-3.
3(iii) To the class B-3 certificates, any remaining interest payment amount and interest carryforward amount.
4 Any remaining amounts paid as part of the monthly excess cash flows.
(i)MACRs that were exchanged for initial MACRs will be entitled to a proportionate share of the interest and principal payments otherwise
allocated to the initial MACRs. (ii)Interest carryforward amounts are deferred interest payments that accrue interest at the lower of the
respective fixed coupon and the net WAC rate. Our preliminary ratings address the full payment of all interest and interest carryforward
amounts at the certificate rate by the final maturity date. (iii)Amounts otherwise used to pay interest carryforward amount or interest payment
amount with respect to the class B-3 certificates that are deposited into the class A cap carryover reserve account will not be reimbursed to the
class B-3 certificates. MACR--Modifiable and exchangeable certificate. WAC--Weighted average coupon.
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Table 7
Principal Payment Waterfall
Priority Payment(i)
If a trigger event is not in effect
1 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts sequentially to the class A-1, A-2, and A-3
certificates.
2 Principal, pro rata, to the class A-1, A-2, and A-3 certificates until each is reduced to zero.
3 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class M-1 certificates.
4 Principal to the class M-1 certificates until the class balance is reduced to zero.
5 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class B-1 certificates.
6 Principal to the class B-1 certificates until the class balance is reduced to zero.
7 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class B-2 certificates.
8 Principal to the class B-2 certificates until the class balance is reduced to zero.
9a(ii) Item 2a in the interest waterfall.
9b(ii) Item 2b in the interest waterfall.
10(ii) To class B-3 certificates, any remaining interest and interest carryforward amounts.
11 Principal to the class B-3 certificates until the class balance is reduced to zero.
12 Any remaining amounts paid as part of monthly excess cash flows.
If a trigger event is in effect
1 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts sequentially to the class A-1 and A-2
certificates.
2 Principal sequentially to the class A-1 and A-2 certificates until reduced to zero.
3 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class A-3 certificates.
4 Principal to the class A-3 certificates until reduced to zero.
5 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class M-1 certificates.
6 Principal to the class M-1 certificates until reduced to zero.
7 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class B-1 certificates.
8 Principal to the class B-1 certificates until reduced to zero.
9 Unpaid interest and interest carryforward amounts to the class B-2 certificates.
10 Principal to the class B-2 certificates until reduced to zero.
11a(ii) Item 2a in the interest waterfall.
11b(ii) Item 2b in the interest waterfall.
12(ii) To the class B-3 certificates, any remaining unpaid interest payment amount and interest
carryforward amount.
13 Principal to the class B-3 certificates until reduced to zero.
14 Any remaining amount paid as part of monthly excess cash flow.
(i)MACRs that were exchanged for initial MACRs will be entitled to a proportionate share of the interest and principal payments otherwise
allocated to the initial MACRs. (ii)The class B-3 certificates will not be reimbursed any amounts that are deposited into the class A cap carryover
reserve account that would otherwise be used to pay the interest carryforward amount or the interest payment amount on the class B-3
certificates.
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Table 8
Monthly Excess Cash Flow Waterfall
Priority Payment
1 Sequentially to classes A-1, A-2, A-3, M-1, B-1, B-2, and B-3 as principal, in that order, up to the amount
of any realized losses in the current period until each respective certificate amount is reduced to zero.
2a Sequentially to classes A-1, A-2, A-3, M-1, B-1, B-2, and B-3 as principal, in that order, up to the amount
of any cumulative applied realized losses until each respective certificate amount is reduced to zero.
2b Sequentially to classes A-1, A-2, A-3, M-1, B-1, B-2, and B-3, in that order, up to the amount of any
remaining cumulative applied realized losses, to reimburse for applied realized loss amounts previously
allocated to the certificates.
3 To the cap carryover reserve account, up to the aggregate cap carryover amount for classes A-1, A-2, and
A-3; and then any unpaid cap carryover amounts(i) from amounts on deposit in the cap carryover reserve
account sequentially to classes A-1, A-2, and A-3.
4 Certain amounts to the class XS certificates.
5 To the transaction parties, pro rata, any trust expenses without regard to the annual cap and any
subcaps.
6 On any payment date prior to the earlier of the optional clean-up call and the final scheduled distribution
date, any remaining amounts to the interest reserve account.
7 Any remaining amounts as provided in the sale and servicing agreement
(i)The cap carryover amount is the positive difference between the interest that would have accrued at the fixed coupon (without the net WAC
rate) and what was due based on the net WAC rate. Any prior unpaid cap carryover amounts also accrue at the fixed rate. Our preliminary ratings
do not address the payment of cap carryover amounts. WAC--Weighted average coupon.
Classes A-1, A-2, and A-3 serve as initial exchangeable (base depositable) certificates. The
certificateholders can exchange the base depositable certificates for several combinations of
exchangeable certificates, as specified in the offering documents. If an exchange is made, the
exchanged certificates will receive a proportionate share of the P&I payments otherwise allocable
to the classes of initial exchangeable certificates.
Interest on the class A-1, A-2, and A-3 certificates is based on the lower of the stated coupon on
the certificates and the net WAC rate of the mortgage loans (defined as the weighted average of
each loan's mortgage interest rate, not including the default interest rate, net of fees and
extraordinary expenses, and subject to the annual cap). Interest on classes M-1, B-1, B-2, and B-3
is equal to the net WAC rate. In line with our ratings definitions and criteria, our ratings address
interest payments at the lower of the fixed coupon and the net WAC rate. Interest (including
interest carryforward amounts) otherwise payable to the unrated class B-3 certificates will
instead be reallocated to first pay cap carryover amounts due on the class A-1, A-2, and A-3
certificates, sequentially. The B-3 interest amounts thus diverted will not be paid back to the class
B-3 certificates and, since these amounts are not reimbursed, the class B-3 can receive less than
the net WAC rate.
Under the transaction documents, a failure to pay the interest amounts due on the securities will
result in the interest being deferred. Deferred interest (interest carryforward amounts) accrues at
the lower of the fixed rate and the net WAC rate for classes A-1, A-2, and A-3 and at the net WAC
rate for classes M-1, B-1, B-2, and B-3. Our preliminary ratings address ultimate P&I payments
(including interest carryforward amounts) by the certificates' final maturity date.
However, the preliminary ratings do not address the payment of cap carryover amounts (i.e., the
difference between the coupon and the net WAC cap where the coupon exceeds the net WAC cap),
which are subordinated in the payment priority. In our view, neither the certificates' initial coupons
nor the initial net WAC rates are de minimis, and nonpayment of the cap carryover amounts are
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not considered an event of default under the transaction documents. Therefore, in line with our
criteria for imputed promises, we do not consider whether these cap carryover amounts are paid
in our cash flow analysis.
In this transaction, the subordinate certificates are paid principal sequentially after all senior
certificates have been paid in full. Unlike the credit enhancement seen in shifting-interest RMBS
structures, which may be depleted due to scheduled and prepaid principal paid to the subordinate
classes, the credit enhancement in JPMMT 2023-DSC1 does not deplete, since no principal
payments are made on the subordinate certificates while the senior classes are outstanding.
Although principal is paid pro rata among the senior classes from the start and there is no defined
credit enhancement floor, we believe the transaction is adequately enhanced for the assigned
preliminary ratings. Our view considers any tail risk considerations (see the Large Loans And Tail
Risk Considerations section below). The transaction starts with 14.05% enhancement for the
senior classes, which then grows as a percentage of the current balance as they get paid down.
Additionally, the occurrence of a trigger event (a delinquency trigger event or a cumulative loss
trigger event (see tables 9A and 9B) protect the more senior classes in tail risk situations if
defaults increase much later in the transaction's life (a back-ended default curve) by switching the
principal payment priority among the senior classes to sequential.
Table 9A
Delinquency Trigger Event
Payment date occurring in
the following periods
Six-month average of 60+ day delinq. plus loans
modified in past 12 months (as a % of the current
pool balance)
April 2023 through March
2025
10.00
April 2025 through March
2026
15.00
April 2026 through March
2028
20.00
April 2028 and thereafter 25.00
Table 9B
Cumulative Loss Trigger Event
Payment date occurring in the
following periods
Applied realized loss amounts since closing
date (as a % of the cutoff date pool balance)
April 2023 through March 2026 2.00
April 2026 through March 2027 3.00
April 2027 through March 2028 5.00
April 2028 and thereafter 7.00
If the certificates' aggregate class balance exceeds the pool balance, the resulting excess (the
applied realized loss amount) will be applied in reverse sequential order to the class B-3, B-2, B-1,
M-1, A-3, A-2, and A-1 certificates, in that order, until each class's principal balance has been
reduced to zero.
Conversely, if the pool balance exceeds the certificates' aggregate class balance, the resulting
excess (the certificate reimbursement amount) will be applied sequentially to classes A-1, A-2,
A-3, M-1, B-1, B-2, and B-3, in that order, to write-up any classes (that had earlier been
written-down) up to the realized and applied realized loss amount allocated to that class.
Geographic Concentration
S&P Global Ratings analyzes the pool's geographic concentration risk based on the
concentrations of loans in each of the core-based statistical areas (CBSAs) as defined by the U.S.
Office of Management and Budget (see Appendix II of "Methodology And Assumptions For Rating
U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later," published Feb. 22, 2018). In this transaction, the top five
CBSAs account for 24.29% of the aggregate pool (see table 10). Because of this concentration, we
applied a Herfindahl-Hirschman Index pool-level adjustment factor (a concentration measure
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based on the sum of the squared CBSA concentrations related to a benchmark concentration) of
1.00x.
Table 10
Geographic Concentration
CBSA code(i) CBSA State % by balance
35614 New York-Jersey City-White Plains Ney York-New Jersey 6.92
37944 Philadelphia Pennsylvania 5.55
35084 Newark New Jersey-Pennsylvania 5.33
12060 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta Georgia 3.35
33124 Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall Florida 3.14
Top five -- -- 24.29
(i)The CBSA code refers to the metropolitan division code, if available. CBSA--Core-based statistical area (includes metropolitan statistical
areas and metropolitan divisions where defined, as well as micropolitan statistical areas).
Large Loans And Tail Risk Considerations
As the number of loans in the transaction decreases, the effect of a single loan's losses becomes
greater. If conditional prepayment rates are slow and collateral pool losses are not realized until
later in a transaction's life (back-loaded losses), pro rata pay mechanisms can leave the senior
certificates exposed to event risk later in the transaction's life (for more information on tail risk in
RMBS transactions, see "Older RMBS Transactions Face Increased Tail Risk As Their Pools
Shrink," published Aug. 9, 2012). To mitigate this risk, the transaction documents for shifting
interest structures typically provide for a credit enhancement floor, specifying principal payments
not made to subordinate classes if the credit support available to the senior classes falls below a
threshold.
This transaction does not explicitly define a credit enhancement floor. However, due to the
sequential payment mechanism to the subordinate classes, which make up 14.05% of the capital
structure, the preliminary 'AAA (sf)', 'AA- (sf)', and 'A- (sf)' rated classes effectively have a floor of
14.05% initially. And although subordination can be depleted due to realized losses over time, the
effective floor to the more senior classes can increase when losses go over certain thresholds and
trip the cumulative loss or delinquency triggers, making the payment priority fully sequential.
To analyze the appropriateness of this effective credit enhancement floor, we use an approach
outlined in "Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later,"
published Feb. 22, 2018. Based on this approach, instead of focusing on the largest loans by
balance at issuance, we risk-weighted the loans in the transaction by focusing on those loans with
the largest expected loss exposures, assuming default. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis
by assuming properties under the same borrower as a single loan (including those
cross-collateralized loans) in our large loan analysis.
After considering the enhancement provided in the transaction and the expected paydown on the
classes, we believe the rated senior classes are sufficiently protected from tail risk as the
transaction seasons.
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MOA Review
We believe mortgage loan performance may reflect certain qualitative aspects of an originator's or
aggregator's operational framework, track record, and practices, including how they have changed
over time. Therefore, we incorporate our quality assessment of the originators or aggregator,
based on our evaluation of its management and organization, origination process and
underwriting/loan purchase and aggregation, and internal controls into our loss coverage analysis
as described below. When available, we will also assess historical loan performance (see
paragraphs 149–156 in "Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And
Later," published Feb. 22, 2018).
Our outstanding aggregator mortgage operational assessment (MOA) review of JPMMAC does not
cover investor DSCR loans. Therefore, we performed transaction-specific reviews on JPMMAC's
investor DSCR aggregation processes, as well as on any originator or aggregator that comprises
more than 20% of the pool balance. Of the loans in the transaction pool, 62.63% were purchased
from B4 Residential Mortgage Trust Series I and Series IVl (collectively, B4), an affiliate of
Blackstone Inc., and includes 24.52% originated by Lending One LLC. The remaining 37.37% were
from various originators, with no originator originating more than 10% of the mortgage loans. To
determine the appropriate MOA adjustment factors for the loans purchased from B4 and those
aggregated by JPMMAC from various originators, we performed transaction-specific reviews of B4
and JPMMAC's aggregation platforms. Based on these reviews, we applied a 1.05x loss coverage
adjustment factor to B4 aggregated loans and a 1.00x loss coverage adjustment factor to the
JPMMAC aggregated loans, which resulted in a weighted average MOA adjustment factor of 1.03x
at the pool level.
B4/Blackstone Inc.
Blackstone Inc. (together with its affiliates, Blackstone) is a leading global investment company
that invests capital on behalf of pension funds, large institutions, and individuals. Blackstone
invests across alternative asset classes in real estate, private equity, credit, and hedge funds, as
well as in infrastructure, life sciences, insurance, and growth equity. The firm continues to build
its track record to innovate in new strategies, drive growth, and serve its investors.
Blackstone launched Blackstone Real Estate Debt Strategies (BREDS) in 2008 to capitalize on
dislocation in the U.S. and European real estate debt markets. BREDS provides creative and
comprehensive financing solutions across the capital structure and risk spectrum. Blackstone
Real Estate's debt business originates loans and invests in debt securities underpinned by
high-quality real estate, including on behalf of insurance companies. The group also manages
Blackstone Mortgage Trust (BXMT), a leading real estate finance company that originates senior
loans collateralized by commercial real estate.
Since fourth-quarter 2018, the BREDS team began aggregating residential mortgage loans, from
approximately 16 approved sellers, with a focus on investment properties (single-family homes)
and owner-occupied homes that cannot be financed through the Federal National Mortgage
Association (FNMA), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. (FHLMC), and the Government
National Mortgage Association (GNMA). New sellers from which single-family rental (single or
multiple asset) ATR-exempt loans are acquired are approved after a thorough review of their
management and loan origination processes. BREDS' strategy is one of measured growth and
purchases from select sellers who have the capacity and balance sheet to originate loans.
Although BREDS has a relatively short history of purchasing residential investment property
ATR-exempt loans, its leadership team has extensive experience purchasing, trading, and
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securitizing residential mortgage loans.
BREDS conducts 100% due diligence on loans that it acquires using third-party review firms that
are on S&P Global Ratings' reviewed list. The scope of the review, which is consistent with market
standards, comprises a full review of these loans (credit, property valuation, and regulatory
compliance, if applicable). BREDS focuses on the valuation of its non-owner-occupied properties
and requires a full appraisal for all loans.
Our quantitative analysis reflects our review of performance on BREDS' recent securitizations.
Blackstone has limited loan performance history on ATR-exempt residential investment property
loans, since it started aggregating this type of loan in fourth-quarter 2018, and its ATR-exempt
residential investment property loans have not gone through a downturn other than the
COVID-19-related hardship in 2020. The company's securitized loan performance is in line with
our observations and expectations for residential investment properties.
Based on the results of our MOA, we determined a loss coverage adjustment factor of 1.05x for
this transaction, which accounts for BREDS' seasoned management team, measured growth,
securitization history, and 100% due diligence review of its loan acquisitions, tempered by its
short operating track record and limited mortgage loan performance in the ATR-exempt
residential investment property sector.
In addition to our transaction-specific MOA of B4 aggregated loans, we reviewed the historical
performance data of Lending One originated non-QM loans since they make up more than 20% of
the pool. Based on the results of this analysis, we determined that the transaction-specific MOA
loss coverage adjustment factor of 1.05x for the B4 loans is also appropriate for the Lending
One-originated loans in the transaction.
JPMMAC (DSCR loans)
JPMMAC's investor DSCR product was launched in 2022 and is tailored toward experienced
investors seeking to purchase or refinance residential investment properties. The program is
marketed as a non-TILA program, focusing primarily on business entity borrowers instead of retail
investors. All acquired loans have borrowers qualified solely on the underlying property cashflows,
and all loans are attested as business purpose loans.
Currently, JPMMAC maintains business relationships with nine flow and bulk sellers, with three of
these relationships accounting for approximately 70% of current production volume. JPMMAC is
actively speaking with additional counterparties and is seeking to sign up new exclusively-DSCR
business partners. JPMMAC currently has four bulk business partners, down from five with the
recent bankruptcy of Sprout Mortgage. All current business partners were required to complete
the JPMMAC's standard conduit credit review and due diligence processes.
JPMMAC maintains a FICO score floor of 700 and an LTV ceiling of 80% on its acquisitions, as well
as a minimum DSCR of 1.00, although it maintains some exception authority. JPMMAC typically
does not aggregate cross collateralized loans and has not acquired any five-plus unit multifamily
and mixed-use properties. JPMMAC maintains its own credit and risk overlays while purchasing to
originator guidelines.
The company conducts 100% due diligence on loans that it acquires using a third-party review
firm that is on S&P Global Ratings' reviewed list (see S&P Global's "S&P Global Ratings Publishes
List Of Third-Party Due Diligence Firms Reviewed For U.S. RMBS As Of July 13, 2022," published
July 13, 2022). The scope of the review, which is consistent with market standards, comprises a
full re-underwrite on these loans (credit, compliance [if applicable], property valuation, and fraud).
All loans must be submitted to an automated fraud and data check tool.
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JPMMAC's management team and aggregation processes for DSCR loans are similar to those of
its non-DSCR loans. We previously conducted an MOA of JPMMAC as an aggregator for non-DSCR
loans, and assigned an overall ABOVE AVERAGE ranking and 0.90x loss coverage adjustment
factor to JPMMAC.
Based on the results of our transaction-specific MOA, we determined a loss coverage adjustment
factor of 1.00x for JPMMAC aggregated DSCR loans in this transaction, which accounts for the
company's seasoned management team, thorough review process for new sellers, strong
independent internal risk oversight, 100% due diligence review of its loan acquisitions, and parent
company's long operational track record and relatively stable financial performance, tempered by
JPMMAC's short operating track record and limited mortgage loan performance in the
ATR-exempt residential investment property sector.
Third-Party Due Diligence Review
The third-party due diligence providers (SitusAMC LLC and Opus Capital Markets Consultants LLC,
which are on our list of reviewed providers) performed due diligence on 100% of the loans in this
transaction. The scope of the review encompassed credit (underwriting), documentation and data
integrity review, and property valuation. All business-purpose loans are exempt from Regulation Z
and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA), including the TILA-RESPA Integrated
Disclosure (TRID) rule.
According to our published third-party due diligence criteria, we adjust our loss expectations
based on our view of the firms' findings (see Appendix III of "Methodology And Assumptions For
Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later," published Feb. 22, 2018).
All of the loans received a grade of "A" or "B" for credit and property valuation. After reviewing the
third-party due diligence results, we applied a 1.00x loss coverage adjustment at all rating
categories.
R&Ws
Our review of the R&Ws for transaction focused on whether the representations made by the R&W
providers were substantially consistent with the set of representations we published in our
criteria (see Appendix IV of "Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And
Later," published Feb. 22, 2018). In addition, our review of the R&W framework accounted for
automatic review triggers, knowledge qualifiers, sunset provisions, gap reps, and enforcement
mechanisms. We evaluated the strength of the R&W framework and considered whether any
breach could have a materially adverse impact on the interests of the transaction's
certificateholders. If the R&Ws and framework do not address the issues in our published R&W
framework, we will determine whether we believe it is appropriate to assess additional credit
enhancement. We also considered the R&W providers' ability to fulfill their obligations in the event
of a breach.
The collateral pool consists of loans sold to JPMMAC from 17 sellers. Each seller made R&Ws that
are generally consistent with our criteria for the loans they contributed to the transaction.
JPMMAC made R&Ws for Sprout-originated loans in this pool since Sprout is no longer in the
mortgage business. Many sellers will provide R&Ws until the transaction's closing date, though
some sellers only provide R&Ws up to the date that they sold their loans to JPMMAC. For the
latter, JPMMAC provides R&Ws covering the gap period between the dates that the sellers sold
their loans to JPMMAC and the date that the loans are sold to the trust.
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The R&W framework is similar to other recent JPMMT transactions and has significant strengths
and certain weaknesses. We note that JPMMT will not backstop any of the originators (or B4 as an
aggregator) if they cannot repurchase mortgage loans.
Attributes of the R&W framework
Knowledge qualifiers
A few representations were knowledge-qualified. Based on our view of the quality of the
originations and the relatively clean diligence results, we did not view these knowledge qualifiers
as material. In addition, the R&W framework included curative language that provide that,
notwithstanding the seller's lack of knowledge, if a knowledge-qualified representation was
inaccurate and it adversely affected the loan's value, it would be considered a breach.
Sunset provisions
There are certain R&Ws that contain sunset provisions. Two of these relate to underwriting
guidelines (adherence to the underwriting guidelines and income, asset, and employment
verification) and one relates to the fraud R&W (excluding conspiratorial fraud involving multiple
persons). The sunset period is 36 months. However, if the loan becomes 30 days delinquent during
the first 36 months after issuance, the sunset period for that loan will increase to 72 months.
These sunset provisions are a weakness in the framework. However, we acknowledge that the
delinquency test helps mitigate that risk.
Review triggers
The transaction's review triggers are relatively strong, compared to other non-QM and DSCR pools.
A review trigger occurs when any mortgage loan becomes 120-days delinquent, has a servicer that
stops advancing because of nonrecoverability, is liquidated at a loss, or is modified before it is 120
days delinquent. For loans that are from a classified FEMA disaster area and became 120 days
delinquent, a 90-day grace period is provided before a review can commenced (for mortgage loans
subject to a forbearance plan, a 90-day grace period is provided following the end of the related
forbearance period). A review may not be conducted if the loans become less than 120 days
delinquent in the grace period.
Similarly, FEMA disaster area loans that are modified before they are 120-days delinquent are
reviewed only if they were 60-days delinquent before the location was declared a FEMA disaster
area. Although these restrictions may prevent reviews from being conducted, there could be some
benefit to not conducting the reviews too soon after a disaster because the review may simply find
that the delinquency was a result of the disaster and unnecessarily increase costs to the trust.
Overall, we believe these review triggers are sufficient to cover a wide range of scenarios that may
indicate a loan at risk of having an R&W breach.
The breach reviewer
The reviewer will have sole authority to determine whether a breach has occurred. JPMMAC, as
the sponsor, named Pentalpha Surveillance LLC (Pentalpha) as an independent breach reviewer.
Pentalpha, which has been engaged on prior JPMMT transactions, is compensated via an annual
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fee plus a fee for each review. Having an independent breach reviewer is a positive feature of the
R&W framework, in our view.
Breach effectiveness
To determine whether a breach warrants a repurchase obligation, the breach reviewer must follow
the prescribed guidelines detailed in the offering materials. One feature concerns a materiality
test failure in which the breach reviewer must determine whether the defect materially increased
the loan's credit risk at origination; resulted in, or will result in, a higher loss at liquidation; or
impaired the payment's or loan's enforceability.
In determining these factors, the reviewer must consider the following scenarios:
- An underwriter, at origination, would have believed the defect to comply with the underwriting
guidelines;
- An underwriter, at origination, would have considered the loan as having the same substantial
credit risk after accounting for the defect and any compensating factors; and
- The defect caused any actual or projected default or loss considering knowledge of the defect.
The breach effectiveness is prescribed, which has pros and cons. Although it reduces uncertainty
of the process to the representation providers and investors, the specific procedures and
thresholds may limit the scope of the breach reviewer and could prevent certain loans from being
put back. Furthermore, the R&Ws are subject to "material and adverse effect" standards, which
can be ambiguous and subjective.
Enforcement mechanisms
Enforcing the breach reviewer's decision is automatic after a material test failure is delivered to
the securities administrator. If the representation provider disputes the decision, it may provide
evidence to the contrary or choose arbitration proceedings.
Arbitration
Certificateholders who disagree with the reviewer's determination that no material test failure
exists can choose to bring the case to arbitration or, in certain cases and upon 90 days' written
notice, remove the reviewer. Each case can only occur at the written direction of certificateholders
holding 25% or more of the outstanding balance. If a representing party or a review quorum of
certificateholders disputes the reviewer's final finding of a material test failure, the dispute
resolution will be by arbitration. The arbitrator's decision will be final and binding.
Overall, we applied a 1.00x R&W adjustment to the loss coverage, taking into account:
- The transaction's overall R&W framework, which has strong review triggers similar to prime
transactions rather than typical non-QM or DSCR deals;
- JPMMAC's solid aggregation platform;
- The third-party due diligence performed on each loan to mitigate the risk; and
- The diversification of R&W providers, which minimizes reliance on the financial strength of any
one lender.
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Cash Flow And Scenario Analysis
We reviewed the transaction structure and performed a cash flow analysis to simulate various
rating stress scenarios to determine the preliminary ratings for each class, consistent with our
criteria and accounting for the available credit enhancement (see table 11). We analyzed a variety
of scenarios for each rating category, including combinations of:
- Front- and back-loaded default timing curves;
- Two-year recovery lag assumptions;
- Fast and slow prepayment assumptions;
- High, low, and forward interest rate curve assumptions;
- Stressed servicing fee;
- Extraordinary trust expense stresses; and
- WAC deterioration stresses.
For more detail on our cash flow stresses, refer to our criteria "Methodology And Assumptions For
Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later," published Feb. 22, 2018.
Table 11
Cash Flow Assumptions
Scenario
AAA AA- A- BBB- BB- B-
Recovery lag (mos.) 24 24 24 24 24 24
Prepayments (%)(i)
Low CPR 1 2 3 4 5 6
High CPR 20 20 20 20 20 20
Extraordinary trust expenses (% of capped amounts)(ii) 100.00 100.00 95.00 40.00 30.00 17.50
Foreclosure frequency (%) 51.77 43.30 34.54 26.20 17.56 9.63
Loss severity (%) 54.86 47.46 35.61 28.05 22.49 17.65
Loss coverage (%) 28.40 20.55 12.30 7.35 3.95 1.70
(i)Using a standard prepayment convention. (ii)Applied monthly between periods 13 and 60. CPR--Conditional prepayment rate.
Notwithstanding the use of excess interest within the transaction structure, we applied front- and
back-loaded--rather than bulleted (e.g., semiannual or annual lump sum)--default timing curves
in our analysis. This reflects our view of the potential volatility of cash flows, given that the loans
are newly originated, there was 100% third-party due diligence, and structural considerations,
such as partial P&I advancing by the servicers and sequential principal allocations among the
subordinate classes and, when triggers fail, among the senior classes (see table 12).
We applied the foreclosure frequencies, loss severities, and combinations of the stresses noted
above in our cash flow runs, and we observed some periodic missed interest due to the liquidity
stress associated with no advancing. To pass our rating category specific stresses, the interest
carryforward amounts resulting from any missed interest payments on the securities must be
paid in full by the maturity date. All carryforward interest was paid back with interest under the
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applicable rating-specific stresses in our cash flow projections. The results show that each rated
class in the transaction is enhanced to a degree consistent with the assigned preliminary ratings.
Table 12
Structural Assessment
Class Rating
Initial class
size (%)
Initial credit
enhancement (%)
Loss coverage
(%)
Percentage point difference between credit
enhancement and loss coverage
A-1 AAA (sf) 65.15 34.85 28.40 6.45
A-2 AA- (sf) 9.05 25.80 20.55 5.25
A-3 A- (sf) 11.75 14.05 12.30 1.75
M-1 BBB-
(sf)
5.20 8.85 7.35 1.50
B-1 BB- (sf) 3.80 5.05 3.95 1.10
B-2 B- (sf) 2.65 2.40 1.70 0.70
B-3 NR 2.40 0.00 N/A N/A
NR--Not rated. N/A--Not applicable.
Servicer stop advance stresses
Although the transaction documents provide for up to four months of P&I advance obligation, we
assumed that no P&I advances were made in our cash flow projections for defaulted loans. This
assumption results in no projected monthly cash flows on defaulted loans that have not yet been
liquidated (we assume a 24-month lag between default and liquidation). Our cash flow projections
consider this additional liquidity stress, and the transaction's ability to make monthly interest
payments and (if necessary) deferred interest payments with interest (interest carryforward
amounts) by the final maturity date on the preliminary rated classes.
WAC deterioration stress
To address the potential for a pool's WAC to decline over time as higher coupon loans prepay or
default, we stress the pool's projected cash flows by reducing the interest accrued on the assets.
Where appropriate, we review the distribution of loan interest rates in the pool, based on
measures such as the standard deviation, interquartile range, and maximum or minimum ranges
to assess the pool's homogeneity with respect to loan interest rates.
Generally, the stress is based on the pool's WAC at the time of analysis versus 10 years later,
based on an assumed reduction in the pool balance of 10.00% per year applied to the loans with
the highest coupons. This WAC difference is the maximum WAC deterioration assumed for the
pool. The stress applied starts at zero in the transaction's first month and increases linearly each
month to the maximum through year 10, at which point it remains constant at the maximum
through the deal's remaining life. This stress is applied in all cash flow stress scenarios at all
rating levels. For this mortgage pool, we applied a maximum WAC deterioration of 1.20%.
Interest stresses
In this transaction, extraordinary trust expense payments reduce the net WAC rate, which
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effectively allocates the extraordinary trust expenses pro rata across all senior and subordinate
certificateholders by reducing their interest payments by the amount of the extraordinary trust
expenses paid (subject to the annual cap). Although the extraordinary expenses are passed
through as reduced contractual interest due to certificateholders, we ran these expenses at their
capped amounts to test any impact on the securities due to the dependence on excess spread as a
form of credit enhancement and the presence of certain structural features, such as limited P&I
advancing. We also took this approach because the interest payments on the securities are
deferrable.
We applied the extraordinary expense application factors as listed in table 10 (which vary by rating
level) to the capped extraordinary expense amounts. The amounts were applied monthly between
periods 13 and 60 period (four years).
Loans with interest rates indexed to a one-month secured overnight financing rate (SOFR)
represent approximately 3.46% of the pool balance. We applied forward stresses to the SOFR
rates in accordance with our criteria (see "Methodology To Derive Stressed Interest Rates In
Structured Finance," published Oct. 18, 2019).
We also believe the aggregate servicing fee rate of 25 bps provided in the documents is relatively
low for non-QM loans. The servicing fee typical for non-QM products is approximately 50 bps. We
believe the 25 bps might not be adequate to attract quality servicers if the servicing function
needs to be transferred and to allow the successor servicer to effectively perform its duties,
including loss mitigation. We believe a fee rate of 50 bps would be sufficient to allow a successful
transfer, if necessary, and thus stressed the transaction with this rate.
Imputed Promises Analysis
Based on our criteria ("Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And
Later," published Feb. 22, 2018), when rating U.S. RMBS transactions where credit-related events
can reduce interest owed to the tranches across the capital structure rather than an allocation of
the credit-related loss to the available credit support, we impute the interest owed to the
certificateholders. WAC deterioration that occurs because of defaults, repurchases, or
prepayments is not considered part of this analysis because it is already accounted for (e.g.,
through the application of our default timing stresses) or not considered a credit-related event
(e.g., voluntary prepayment of principal).
Because this transaction provides for credit-related loan modifications and extraordinary trust
expenses to reduce the net WAC, at which the transaction's certificate rates are capped, we
applied the approach outlined in the criteria to assess the maximum potential rating (MPR) that
could apply based on our projected interest reduction amount (PIRA). As this is a new issue
transaction, there were no outstanding cumulative interest reduction amounts to be considered.
Consistent with our criteria, we assumed that 50.00% of the loans projected to default under the
applicable rating stress would be modified. We also assumed that 75.00% of the projected
modifications are interest rate modifications, with an interest rate reduction of 2.00%. When
added to the extraordinary trust expenses, this resulted in a maximum PIRA on the preliminary
rated certificates that is below the 4.50% threshold. We stressed extraordinary trust expenses by
the relevant extraordinary expense application factor over 48 months, starting from month 13
through 60 of the transaction's life. Based on the results of our analysis, there was no impact on
the securities' MPR.
Historically, we have observed that extraordinary trust expenses have been both minimal when
they occur and extremely limited in pre-2009 RMBS transactions. We continue to expect their
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actual occurrence in post-2009 transactions to be rare.
Operational Risk Assessment
Our criteria, "Global Framework For Assessing Operational Risk In Structured Finance
Transactions," published Oct. 9, 2014, present our methodology and assumptions for assessing
certain operational risks (severity, portability, and disruption risks) associated with asset types
and key transaction parties (KTPs) that provide an essential service to a structured finance issuer.
According to the criteria, we cap the ratings on a transaction if we believe operational risk could
lead to credit instability and affect the ratings.
As provided in the operational risk criteria, there are three possible rankings for severity risk and
portability risk: high, moderate, or low. For disruption risk, there are four possible rankings: very
high, high, moderate, or low.
According to our criteria, we rank severity and portability risk for nonprime residential mortgage
collateral as moderate and low, respectively. For this transaction, the master servicer, Nationstar
Mortgage LLC, is the KTP. We consider the disruption risk for this master servicer as low. Given
this risk assessment, our criteria do not cap the ratings on the transaction.
Related Criteria
- General Criteria: Environmental, Social, And Governance Principles In Credit Ratings, Oct. 10,
2021
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Global Framework For Payment Structure And Cash
Flow Analysis Of Structured Finance Securities, Dec. 22, 2020
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Methodology To Derive Stressed Interest Rates In
Structured Finance, Oct. 18, 2019
- Criteria | Structured Finance | Legal: U.S. Structured Finance Asset Isolation And
Special-Purpose Entity Criteria, May 15, 2019
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Counterparty Risk Framework: Methodology And
Assumptions, March 8, 2019
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Incorporating Sovereign Risk In Rating Structured
Finance Securities: Methodology And Assumptions, Jan. 30, 2019
- Criteria | Structured Finance | RMBS: Assumptions Supplement For Methodology And
Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS Issued 2009 And Later, Feb. 22, 2018
- Criteria | Structured Finance | RMBS: Methodology And Assumptions For Rating U.S. RMBS
Issued 2009 And Later, Feb. 22, 2018
- Criteria | Structured Finance | RMBS: U.S. Residential Mortgage Operational Assessment
Ranking Criteria, Feb. 22, 2018
- General Criteria: Methodology For Linking Long-Term And Short-Term Ratings, April 7, 2017
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Global Framework For Assessing Operational Risk In
Structured Finance Transactions, Oct. 9, 2014
- General Criteria: Criteria For Assigning 'CCC+', 'CCC', 'CCC-', And 'CC' Ratings, Oct. 1, 2012
- General Criteria: Global Investment Criteria For Temporary Investments In Transaction
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Accounts, May 31, 2012
- General Criteria: Principles Of Credit Ratings, Feb. 16, 2011
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Global Methodology For Rating Interest-Only Securities,
April 15, 2010
- Criteria | Structured Finance | General: Methodology For Servicer Risk Assessment, May 28,
2009
Related Research
- U.S. RMBS Newsletter February 2023, Feb. 28, 2023
- S&P Global Ratings Publishes List Of Third-Party Due Diligence Firms Reviewed For U.S. RMBS
As Of Feb. 24, 2023, Feb. 24, 2023
- Residential Overvaluation Relatively Steady As U.S. Housing Correction Continues, Feb. 21,
2023
- Select Servicer List, Feb. 14, 2023
- 2023 U.S. Residential Mortgage And Housing Outlook: Navigating A Softening Market, Jan. 20,
2023
- Servicer Evaluation: Fay Servicing LLC, Dec. 14, 2022
- Economic Outlook U.S. Q1 2023: Tipping Toward Recession, Nov. 28, 2022
- Housing Overvaluation May Be Peaking: How It Affects U.S. RMBS, Oct. 17, 2022
- Impact of Hurricane Ian on Rated U.S. RMBS Likely To Be Limited, Oct. 11, 2022
- Non-QM RMBS: Navigating Rising Rates, June 9, 2022
- Housing Overvaluation Trend Continues: What It Means For U.S. RMBS, April 5, 2022
- Servicer Evaluation: Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing, Feb. 15, 2022
- S&P Global Ratings Definitions, Nov. 10, 2021
- ESG Industry Report Card: Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, March 31, 2021
- Servicer Evaluation: Nationstar Mortgage LLC, Dec. 22, 2020
- S&P Global Ratings Is Assessing The Impact Of COVID-19 On Mortgage Market Outlooks For
Global RMBS, April 17, 2020
- U.S. Residential Mortgage Input File Format For LEVELS, March 6, 2020
- Credit Rating Model: LEVELS Model For U.S. Residential Mortgage Loans, Aug. 5, 2019
- Credit Rating Model: Intex RMBS Cash Flow Model, April 7, 2017
- Standard & Poor's Comfortable With SFIG Draft Proposal Regarding TRID Due Diligence, April
25, 2016
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USE, FREEDOM FROM BUGS, SOFTWARE ERRORS OR DEFECTS, THAT THE CONTENT'S FUNCTIONING WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR THAT THE
CONTENT WILL OPERATE WITH ANY SOFTWARE OR HARDWARE CONFIGURATION. In no event shall S&P Parties be liable to any party for any direct,
indirect, incidental, exemplary, compensatory, punitive, special or consequential damages, costs, expenses, legal fees, or losses (including, without
limitation, lost income or lost profits and opportunity costs or losses caused by negligence) in connection with any use of the Content even if advised
of the possibility of such damages.
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Presale: J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2023-DSC1