8 WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT HOME EQUITY LINES OF CREDIT
2.3 How will you repay your home equity
plan?
Before entering into a plan, consider how you will pay back the money you borrow. Some plans
set a minimum monthly payment that includes a portion of the principal (the amount you
borrow) plus accrued interest. But, unlike with typical installment loan agreements, the portion
of your payment that goes toward principal may not be enough to repay the principal by the end
of the term. Other plans may allow payment of only the interest during the life of the plan, which
means that you pay nothing toward the principal. If you borrow $10,000, you will owe that
amount when the payment plan ends.
Regardless of the minimum required payment on your home equity line, you may choose to pay
more, and many lenders offer a choice of payment options. However, some lenders may require
you to pay special fees or penalties if you choose to pay more, so check with your lender. Many
consumers choose to pay down the principal regularly as they do with other loans. For example,
if you use your line to buy a boat, you may want to pay it off as you would a typical boat loan.
Whatever your payment arrangements during the life of the plan—whether you pay some, a
little, or none of the principal amount of the loan—when the plan ends, you may have to pay the
entire balance owed, all at once. You must be prepared to make this “balloon payment” by
refinancing it with the lender, by obtaining a loan from another lender, or by some other means.
If you are unable to make the balloon payment, you could lose your home.
If your plan has a variable interest rate, your monthly payments may change. Assume, for
example, that you borrow $10,000 under a plan that calls for interest-only payments. At a 10
percent interest rate, your monthly payments would be $83. If the rate rises over time to 15
percent, your monthly payments will increase to $125. Similarly, if you are making payments
that cover interest plus some portion of the principal, your monthly payments may increase,
unless your agreement calls for keeping payments the same throughout the plan period.
If you sell your home, you will probably be required to pay off your home equity line in full
immediately. If you are likely to sell your home in the near future, consider whether it makes
sense to pay the up-front costs of setting up a line of credit. Also keep in mind that renting your
home may be prohibited under the terms of your agreement.