RELIGIONS AND RELIGIOUS TEACHERS
Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, Christianity,
Zoroastrianism and Sikhism are some major religions of our
country.
Hinduism: It is one of the oldest religions in the world. Also
called Sanatana Dharma, Hinduism consists of ancient
traditions and beliefs, with no known founder. Ancient texts
called Vedas and Puranas are holy books for Hindus. Classical
texts (Shastras) and epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata
describe Hindu ways of life. Scriptures like the Bhagavat Gita
are revered. Many of these books are centuries old. Hindus
worship God in many forms, and pray to idols of Lord Rama,
Lord Krishna, Lord Shiva, Goddess Durga, Goddess Kali, etc.
in temples. Fire is considered sacred, and rituals are performed
around a fire, accompanied by chanting of Vedic mantras. Adi
Shankaracharya, Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Swami
Vivekananda are some religious teachers whose teachings have
greatly affected the lives of many Indians.
Buddhism: Buddhism was founded in India by Gautama
Buddha. Born a prince, he left home at an early age in search
of knowledge and truth. Buddhist teachings stress on living
honestly and simply, and to be kind to all living beings. The
holy books of the Buddhists are Dhammapada and Tripitakas.
Jainism: Jainism was spread by Mahavira, around the same
time as Buddhism. Both Buddha and Mahavira were against
the caste system. Jains believe in Karma- the moral law of the
universe. They believe that every good, or bad deed has an
effect on the doer. This Karma determines their life as well as
rebirth. Jainism teaches its followers to conquer temptations,
and follow a path of Ahimsa or non-violence.
Islam: The followers of Islam are called Muslims. Islam first
came to the western coast of India with Arab traders in 7th
century CE. Muslims believe that the message of God was
brought to them by Prophet Mohammed. His message is
written in the holy book called Quran. Muslims fast during the
holy month of Ramzan, pray in mosques and donate a part of
their wealth to the poor and needy.
Christianity: Christianity is the third largest religion in India,
and is believed to have been spread in India by St. Thomas.
Christians follow the teachings of Jesus Christ. The Bible is the