Thistutorialispartofaset.FindoutmoreaboutdataaccesswithASP.NETintheWorkingwithData
inASP.NET2.0sectionoftheASP.NETsiteathttp://www.asp.net/learn/dataaccess/default.aspx.
WorkingwithDatainASP.NE T2.0::Inserting,
Updating,andDel eti ngDatawiththeSqlDataSource
Introduction
Asdiscussedin AnOverviewofInserting,Updating,andDeleting,theGridViewcontrolprovidesbuiltin
updatinganddeletingcapabilities,whiletheDetailsViewandFormViewcontrolsincludeinsertingsupportalong
witheditinganddeletingfunctionality.Thesedatamodificationcapabilitiescanbepluggeddirectlyintoadata
sourcecontrolwithoutalineofcodeneedingtobewritten. AnOverviewofInserting,Updating,andDeleting
examinedusingtheObjectDataSourcetofacilitateinserting,updating,anddeletingwiththeGridView,
DetailsView,andFormViewcontrols.Alternatively,theSqlDataSourcecanbeusedinplaceofthe
ObjectDataSource.
Recallthattosupportinserting,updating,anddeleting,withtheObjectDataSourceweneededtospecifytheobject
layermethodstoinvoketoperformtheinsert,update,ordeleteaction.WiththeSqlDataSource,weneedtoprovide
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
SQLstatements(orstoredprocedures)toexecute.Aswe’llseeinthistutorial,these
statementscanbecreatedmanuallyorcanbeautomaticallygeneratedbytheSqlDataSource’sConfigureData
Sourcewizard.
Note:
Sincewe’vealreadydiscussedtheinserting,editing,anddeletingcapabilitiesoftheGridView,DetailsView,
andFormViewcontrols,thistutorialwillfocusonconfiguringtheSqlDataSourcecontroltosupportthese
operations.IfyouneedtobrushuponimplementingthesefeatureswithintheGridView,DetailsView,and
FormView,returntotheEditing,Inserting,andDeletingDatatutorials,startingwithAnOverviewofInserting,
Updating,andDeleting.
Step1:Specifying
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
Statements
Aswe’veseeninthepasttwotutorials,toretrievedatafromaSqlDataSourcecontrolweneedtosettwo
properties:
1.
ConnectionString
,whichspecifieswhatdatabasetosendthequeryto,and
2.
SelectCommand
,whichspecifiestheadhocSQLstatementorstoredprocedurenametoexecutetoreturnthe
results.
For
SelectCommand
valueswithparameters,theparametervaluesarespecifiedviatheSqlDataSource’s
SelectParameters
collectionandcanincludehardcodedvalues,commonparametersourcevalues(querystring
fields,sessionvariables,Webcontrolvalues,andsoon),orcanbeprogrammaticallyassigned.Whenthe
SqlDataSourcecontrol’s
Select()
methodisinvoked –eitherprogrammaticallyorautomaticallyfromadataWeb
control– aconnectiontothedatabaseisestablished,theparametervaluesareassignedtothequery,andthe
commandisshuttledofftothedatabase.TheresultsarethenreturnedaseitheraDataSetorDataReader,depending
onthevalueofthecontrol’s
DataSourceMode
property.
Alongwithselectingdata,theSqlDataSourcecontrolcanbeusedtoinsert,update,anddeletedatabysupplying
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
SQLstatementsinmuchthesameway.Simplyassignthe
InsertCommand
,
UpdateCommand
,and
DeleteCommand
propertiesthe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
SQLstatementstoexecute.If
thestatementshaveparameters(astheymostalwayswill),includetheminthe
InsertParameters
,
UpdateParameters
,and
DeleteParameters
collections.
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Oncean
InsertCommand
,
UpdateCommand
,or
DeleteCommand
valuehasbeenspecified,the “EnableInserting”,
“EnableEditing”, or “EnableDeleting” optioninthecorrespondingdataWebcontrol’ssmarttagwillbecome
available.Toillustratethis,let’stakeanexamplefromthe
Querying.aspx
pagewecreatedintheQueryingData
withtheSqlDataSourceControl tutorialandaugmentittoincludedeletecapabilities.
Startbyopeningthe
InsertUpdateDelete.aspx
and
Querying.aspx
pagesfromthe
SqlDataSource
folder.
FromtheDesigneronthe
Querying.aspx
page,selecttheSqlDataSourceandGridViewfromthefirstexample
(the
ProductsDataSource
and
GridView1
controls).Afterselectingthetwocontrols,gototheEditmenuand
chooseCopy(orjusthitCtrl+C).Next,gototheDesignerof
InsertUpdateDelete.aspx
andpasteinthe
controls.Afteryouhavemovedthetwocontrolsoverto
InsertUpdateDelete.aspx
,testoutthepageina
browser.Youshouldseethevaluesofthe
ProductID
,
ProductName
,and
UnitPrice
columnsforalloftherecords
inthe
Products
databasetable.
Figure1:AlloftheProductsareListed,Orderedby
ProductID
AddingtheSqlDataSource’s
DeleteCommand
and
DeleteParameters
Properties
AtthispointwehaveaSqlDataSourcethatsimplyreturnsalloftherecordsfromthe
Products
tableanda
GridViewthatrendersthisdata.Ourgoalistoextendthisexampletoallowfortheusertodeleteproductsviathe
GridView.ToaccomplishthisweneedtospecifyvaluesfortheSqlDataSourcecontrol’s
DeleteCommand
and
DeleteParameters
propertiesandthenconfiguretheGridViewtosupportdeleting.
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The
DeleteCommand
and
DeleteParameters
propertiescanbespecifiedinanumberofways:
l
Throughthedeclarativesyntax
l FromthePropertieswindowintheDesigner
l
Fromthe“SpecifyacustomSQLstatementorstoredprocedure”screenintheConfigure DataSourcewizard
l ViatheAdvancedbuttoninthe“Specifycolumnsfromatableofview”screenintheConfigureDataSource
wizard,whichwillactuallyautomaticallygeneratethe
DELETE
SQLstatementandparametercollectionused
inthe
DeleteCommand
and
DeleteParameters
properties
We’llexaminehowtoautomaticallyhavethe
DELETE
statementcreatedinStep2.Fornow,let’susetheProperties
windowintheDesigner,althoughtheConfigureDataSourcewizardordeclarativesyntaxoptionwouldworkjust
aswell.
FromtheDesignerin
InsertUpdateDelete.aspx
,clickonthe
ProductsDataSource
SqlDataSourceandthen
bringupthePropertieswindow(fromtheViewmenu,choosePropertieswindow,orsimplyhitF4).Selectthe
DeleteQueryproperty,whichwillbringupasetofellipses.
Figure2:SelecttheDeleteQueryPropertyfromthePropertiesWindow
3 of12
Note:
TheSqlDataSourcedoesn’thaveaDeleteQueryproperty.Rather,De leteQueryisacombinationofthe
DeleteCommand
and
DeleteParameters
propertiesandisonlylistedinthePropertieswindowwhenviewingthe
windowthroughtheDesigner.IfyouarelookingatthePropertieswindowintheSourceview,you’llfindthe
DeleteCommand
propertyinstead.
ClicktheellipsesintheDeleteQuerypropertytobringuptheCommandandParameterEditordialogbox(see
Figure3).Fromthisdialogboxyoucanspecifythe
DELETE
SQLstatementandspecifytheparameters.Enterthe
followingqueryintothe
DELETE
commandtextbox(eithermanuallyorusingtheQueryBuilder,ifyouprefer):
DELETEFROMProducts
WHEREProductID=@ProductID
Next,clicktheRefreshParametersbuttontoaddthe
@ProductID
parametertothelistofparametersbelow.
Figure3:SelecttheDeleteQueryPropertyfromthePropertiesWindow
Do not provideavalueforthisparameter(leaveitsParametersourceat“None”).Onceweadddeletingsupportto
theGridView,theGridViewwillautomaticallysupplythisparametervalue,usingthevalueofits
DataKeys
collectionfortherowwhoseDeletebuttonwasclicked.
Note:
Theparameternameusedinthe
DELETE
querymustbethesameasthenameofthe
DataKeyNames
valuein
theGridView,DetailsView,orFormView.Thatis,theparameterinthe
DELETE
statementispurposefullynamed
@ProductID
(insteadof,say,
@ID
),becausetheprimarykeycolumnnameintheProductstable(andthereforethe
DataKeyNamesvalueintheGridView)is
ProductID
.
Iftheparameternameand
DataKeyNames
valuedoesn’tmatch,theGridViewcannotautomaticallyassignthe
parameterthevaluefromthe
DataKeys
collection.
4 of12
AfterenteringthedeleterelatedinformationintotheCommandandParameterEditordialogboxclickOKandgo
totheSourceviewtoexaminetheresultingdeclarativemarkup:
<asp:SqlDataSourceID="ProductsDataSource"runat="server"
ConnectionString="<%$ConnectionStrings:NORTHWNDConnectionString%>"
SelectCommand=
"SELECT[ProductID],[ProductName],[UnitPrice]FROM[Products]"
DeleteCommand="DELETEFROMProductsWHEREProductID=@ProductID">
<DeleteParameters>
<asp:ParameterName="ProductID"/>
</DeleteParameters>
</asp:SqlDataSource>
Notetheadditionofthe
DeleteCommand
propertyaswellasthe
<DeleteParameters>
sectionandtheParameter
objectnamed
productID
.
ConfiguringtheGridViewforDeleting
Withthe
DeleteCommand
propertyadded,theGridView’ssmarttagnowcontainsthe“EnableDeleting”option.Go
aheadandcheckthischeckbox.AsdiscussedinAnOverviewofInserting,Updating,andDeleting,thiscausesthe
GridViewtoaddaCommandFieldwithits
ShowDeleteButton
propertysetto
true
.AsFigure4shows,whenthe
pageisvisitedthroughabrowseraDeletebuttonisincluded.Testthispageoutbydeletingsomeproducts.
Figure4:EachGridViewRowNowIncludesaDeleteButton
5 of12
UponclickingaDeletebutton,apostbackoccurs,theGridViewassignsthe
ProductID
parameterthevalueofthe
DataKeys
collectionvaluefortherowwhoseDeletebuttonwasclicked,andinvokestheSqlDataSource’s
Delete
()
method.TheSqlDataSourcecontrolthenconnectstothedatabaseandexecutesthe
DELETE
statement.The
GridViewthenrebindstotheSqlDataSource,gettingbackanddisplayingthecurrentsetofproducts(whichno
longerincludesthejustdeletedrecord).
Note:
SincetheGridViewusesits
DataKeys
collectiontopopulatetheSqlDataSourceparameters,it’svitalthatthe
GridView’s
DataKeyNames
propertybesettothecolumn(s)thatconstitutetheprimarykeyandthatthe
SqlDataSource’s
SelectCommand
returnsthesecolumns.Moreover,it’simportantthattheparameternameinthe
SqlDataSource’s
DeleteCommand
issetto
@ProductID
.Ifthe
DataKeyNames
propertyisnotsetortheparameteris
notnamed
@ProductsID
,clickingtheDeletebuttonwillcauseapostback,butwon’tactuallydeleteanyrecord.
Figure5depictsthisinteractiongraphically.ReferbacktotheExaminingtheEventsAssociatedwithInserting,
Updating,andDeleting tutorialforamoredetaileddiscussiononthechainofeventsassociatedwithinserting,
updating,anddeletingfromadataWebcontrol.
Figure5:ClickingtheDeleteButtonintheGridViewInvokestheSqlDataSource’s
Delete()
Method
Step2:AutomaticallyGeneratingthe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
Statements
AsStep1examined,
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
SQLstatementscanbespecifiedthroughthePropertieswindow
orthecontrol’sdeclarativesyntax.However,thisapproachrequiresthatwemanuallywriteouttheSQLstatements
byhand,whichcanbemonotonousanderrorprone.Fortunately,theConfigureDataSourcewizardprovidesan
optiontohavethe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statementsautomaticallygeneratedwhenusingthe“Specify
6 of12
columnsfromatableofview”screen.
Let’sexplorethisautomaticgenerationoption.AddaDetailsViewtotheDesignerin
InsertUpdateDelete.aspx
andsetits
ID
propertyto
ManageProducts
.Next,fromtheDetailsView’ssmarttag,choosetocreateanewda ta
sourceandcreateaSqlDataSourcenamed
ManageProductsDataSource
.
Figure6:CreateaNewSqlDataSourceNamed
ManageProductsDataSource
FromtheConfigureDataSourcewizard,opttousethe
NORTHWINDConnectionString
connectionstringandclick
Next.Fromthe “ConfiguretheSelectStatement”screen,leavethe“Specifycolumnsfromatableorview”radio
buttonselectedandpickthe
Products
tablefromthedropdownlist.Selectthe
ProductID
,
ProductName
,
UnitPrice
,and
Discontinued
columnsfromthecheckboxlist.
7 of12
Figure7:Usingthe
Products
Table,Returnthe
ProductID
,
ProductName
,
UnitPrice
,and
Discontinued
Columns
Toautomaticallygenerate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statementsbasedontheselectedtableandcolumns,click
theAdvancedbuttonandcheckthe“Generate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements”checkbox.
Figure8:Checkthe“Generate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements” Checkbox
The“Generate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements” checkboxwillonlybecheckableifthetableselectedhas
aprimarykeyandtheprimarykeycolumn(orcolumns)areincludedinthelistofreturnedcolumns.The“Use
optimisticconcurrency”checkbox,whichbecomesselectableoncethe“Generate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements” checkboxhasbeenchecked,willaugmentthe
WHERE
clausesintheresulting
UPDATE
and
DELETE
8 of12
statementstoprovideoptimisticconcurrencycontrol.Fornow,leavethischeckboxunchecked;we’llexamine
optimisticconcurrencywiththeSqlDataSourcecontrolinthenexttutorial.
Aftercheckingthe“Generate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements”checkbox,clickOKtoreturntothe
“ConfigureSelectStatement” screen,thenclickNext,andthenFinish,tocompletetheConfigureDataSource
wizard.Uponcompletingthewizard,VisualStudiowilladdBoundFieldstotheDetailsViewforthe
ProductID
,
ProductName
,and
UnitPrice
columnsandaCheckBoxFieldforthe
Discontinued
column.Fromthe
DetailsView’ssmarttag,checkthe“EnablePaging”optionsothattheuservisitingthispagecanstepthroughthe
products.AlsoclearouttheDetailsView’s
Width
and
Height
properties.
Noticethatthesmarttaghasthe“EnableIn serting”, “EnableEditing”, and“EnableDeleting” optionsavailable.
ThisisbecausetheSqlDataSourcecontainsvaluesforits
InsertCommand
,
UpdateCommand
,and
DeleteCommand
,
asthefollowingdeclarativesyntaxshows:
<asp:DetailsViewID="ManageProducts"runat="server"AllowPaging="True"
AutoGenerateRows="False"DataKeyNames="ProductID"
DataSourceID="ManageProductsDataSource"EnableViewState="False">
<Fields>
<asp:BoundFieldDataField="ProductID"HeaderText="ProductID"
InsertVisible="False"ReadOnly="True"SortExpression="ProductID"/>
<asp:BoundFieldDataField="ProductName"HeaderText="ProductName"
SortExpression="ProductName"/>
<asp:BoundFieldDataField="UnitPrice"HeaderText="UnitPrice"
SortExpression="UnitPrice"/>
<asp:CheckBoxFieldDataField="Discontinued"HeaderText="Discontinued"
SortExpression="Discontinued"/>
</Fields>
</asp:DetailsView>
<asp:SqlDataSourceID="ManageProductsDataSource"runat="server"
ConnectionString="<%$ConnectionStrings:NORTHWNDConnectionString%>"
DeleteCommand=
"DELETEFROM[Products]WHERE[ProductID]=@ProductID"
InsertCommand=
"INSERTINTO[Products]([ProductName],[UnitPrice],[Discontinued])
VALUES(@ProductName,@UnitPrice,@Discontinued)"
SelectCommand=
"SELECT[ProductID],[ProductName],[UnitPrice],[Discontinued]
FROM[Products]"
UpdateCommand=
"UPDATE[Products]SET[ProductName]=@ProductName,
[UnitPrice]=@UnitPrice,[Discontinued]=@Discontinued
WHERE[ProductID]=@ProductID">
<DeleteParameters>
<asp:ParameterName="ProductID"Type="Int32"/>
</DeleteParameters>
<UpdateParameters>
<asp:ParameterName="ProductName"Type="String"/>
<asp:ParameterName="UnitPrice"Type="Decimal"/>
<asp:ParameterName="Discontinued"Type="Boolean"/>
<asp:ParameterName="ProductID"Type="Int32"/>
</UpdateParameters>
<InsertParameters>
<asp:ParameterName="ProductName"Type="String"/>
<asp:ParameterName="UnitPrice"Type="Decimal"/>
<asp:ParameterName="Discontinued"Type="Boolean"/>
</InsertParameters>
</asp:SqlDataSource>
NotehowtheSqlDataSourcecontrolhashadvaluesautomaticallysetforits
InsertCommand
,
UpdateCommand
,and
9 of12
DeleteCommand
properties.Thesetofcolumnsreferencedinthe
InsertCommand
and
UpdateCommand
properties
arebasedonthoseinthe
SELECT
statement.Thatis,ratherthanhavingeveryProductscolumninthe
InsertCommand
and
UpdateCommand
,thereareonlythosecolumnsspecifiedinthe
SelectCommand
(less
ProductID
,whichisomittedbecauseit’san
IDENTITY
column,whosevaluecannotbechangedwheneditedand
whichisautomaticallyassignedwheninserting).Moreover,foreachparameterinthe
InsertCommand
,
UpdateCommand
,and
DeleteCommand
propertiestherearecorrespondingparametersinthe
InsertParameters
,
UpdateParameters
,and
DeleteParameters
collections.
ToturnontheDetailsView’sdatamodificationfeatures,checkthe “EnableInserting”, “EnableEditing”, and
“EnableDeleting”optionsinitssmarttag.ThisaddsaCommandFieldwithits
ShowInsertButton
,
ShowEditButton
,and
ShowDeleteButton
propertiessetto
true
.
VisitthepageinabrowserandnotetheEdit,Delete,andNewbuttonsincludedintheDetailsView.Clickingthe
EditbuttonturnstheDetailsViewintoeditmode,whichdisplayseachBoundFieldwhose
ReadOnly
propertyisset
to
false
(thedefault)asaTextBox,andtheCheckBoxFieldasacheckbox.
Figure9:TheDetailsView’sDefaultEditingInterface
Similarly,youcandeletethecurrentlyselectedproductoraddanewproducttothesystem.Sincethe
InsertCommand
statementonlyworkswiththe
ProductName
,
UnitPrice
,and
Discontinued
columns,theother
columnshaveeither
NULL
ortheirdefaultvalueassignedbythedatabaseuponinsert.Justlikewiththe
ObjectDataSource,ifthe
InsertCommand
ismissinganydatabasetablecolumnsthatdon’tallow
NULL
sanddon’t
haveadefaultvalue,aSQLerrorwilloccurwhenattemptingtoexecutethe
INSERT
statement.
Note:
TheDetailsView’sinsertingandeditinginterfaceslackanysortofcustomizationorvalidation.Toadd
validationcontrolsortocustomizetheinterfaces,youneedtoconverttheBoundFieldstoTemplateFields.Referto
theAddingValidationControlstotheEditingandInsertingInterfacesandCustomizingtheDataModification
Interface tutorialsformoreinformation.
Also,keepinmindthatforupdatinganddeleting,theDetailsViewusesthecurrentproduct’s
DataKey
value,
whichisonlypresentifthe
DataKeyNames
propertyisconfigured.Ifeditingordeletingappearstohavenoeffect,
ensurethatthe
DataKeyNames
propertyisset.
10 of12
LimitationsofAutomaticallyGeneratingSQLStatements
Sincethe“Generate
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements” optionisonlyavailablewhenpickingcolumnsfrom
atable,formorecomplexqueriesyouwillhavetowriteyourown
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statementslikewe
didinStep1.Commonly,SQL
SELECT
statementsuse
JOIN
stobringbackdatafromoneormorelookuptablesfor
displaypurposes(suchasbringingbackthe
Categories
table’s
CategoryName
fieldwhendisplayingproduct
information).Atthesametime,wemightwanttoallowtheusertoedit,update,orinsertdataintothe“core”table
(
Products
,inthiscase).
Whilethe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statementscanbeenteredmanually,considerthefollowingtimesaving
tip.InitiallysetuptheSqlDataSourcesothatitpullsbackdatajustfromthe
Products
table.UsetheConfigure
DataSourcewizard’s“Specifycolumnsfromatableorview”screensothatyoucanautomaticallygeneratethe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements.Then,aftercompletingthewizard,choosetoconfiguretheSelectQuery
fromthePropertieswindow(or,alternatively,gobacktotheConfigureDataSourcewizard,butusethe “Specifya
customSQLstatementorstoredprocedure” option).Thenupdatethe
SELECT
statementtoincludethe
JOIN
syntax.
ThistechniqueoffersthetimesavingbenefitsoftheautomaticallygeneratedSQLstatementsandallowsfora
morecustomized
SELECT
statement.
Anotherlimitationofautomaticallygeneratingthe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statementsisthatthecolumnsin
the
INSERT
and
UPDATE
statementsarebasedonthecolumnsreturnedbythe
SELECT
statement.Wemayneedto
updateorinsertmoreorfewerfields,however.Forexample,intheexamplefromStep2,maybewewanttohave
the
UnitPrice
BoundFieldbereadonly.Inthatcase,itshouldn’ tappearinthe
UpdateCommand
.Orwemaywant
tosetthevalueofatablefieldthatdoesnotappearintheGridView.Forexample,whenaddinganewrecordwe
maywantthe
QuantityPerUnit
valuesetto“TODO”.
Ifsuchcustomizationsarerequired,youneedtomakethemmanually,eitherthroughthePropertieswindow,the
“SpecifyacustomSQLstatementorstoredprocedure” optioninthewizard,orviathedeclarativesyntax.
Note:
WhenaddingparametersthatdonothavecorrespondingfieldsinthedataWebcontrol,keepinmindthat
theseparametersvalueswillneedtobeassignedvaluesinsomemanner.Thesevaluescanbe:hardcodeddirectly
inthe
InsertCommand
or
UpdateCommand
;cancomefromsomepredefinedsource(thequerystring,sessionstate,
Webcontrolsonthepage,andsoon);orcanbeassignedprogrammatically,aswesawintheprecedingtutorial.
Summary
InorderforthedataWebcontrolstoutilizetheirbuiltininserting,editing,anddeletingcapabilities,thedata
sourcecontroltheyareboundtomustoffersuchfunctionality.FortheSqlDataSource,thismeansthat
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
SQLstatementsmustbeassignedtothe
InsertCommand
,
UpdateCommand
,and
DeleteCommand
properties.Theseproperties,andthecorrespondingparameterscollections,canbeaddedmanually
orgeneratedautomaticallythroughtheConfigureDataSourcewizard.Inthistutorialweexaminedboth
techniques.
WeexaminedusingoptimisticconcurrencywiththeObjectDataSourceintheImplementingOptimistic
Concurrency tutorial.TheSqlDataSourcecontrolalsoprovidesoptimisticconcurrencysupport.AsnotedinStep2,
whenautomaticallygeneratingthe
INSERT
,
UPDATE
,and
DELETE
statements,thewizardoffersa“Useoptimistic
concurrency” option.Aswe’llseeinthenexttutorial,usingoptimisticconcurrencywiththeSqlDataSource
modifiesthe
WHERE
clausesinthe
UPDATE
and
DELETE
statementstoensurethatthevaluesfortheothercolumns
haven’tchangedsincethedatawaslastdisplayedonthepage.
HappyProgramming!
11 of12
AbouttheAuthor
ScottMitchell,authorofsevenASP/ASP.NETbooksandfounderof4GuysFromRolla.com ,hasbeenworkingwith
MicrosoftWebtechnologiessince1998.Scottworksasanindependentconsultant,trainer,andwriter.Hislatest
bookisSamsTeachYourselfASP.NET2.0in24Hours.Hecanbereachedat[email protected]. or
viahisblog,whichcanbefoundat http://ScottOnWriting.NET. 
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